Doi: 10.1525/rep.2011.114.1.103. What were Robespierre's religious views? One chapter from, chapter 11, from pages 247-272 discusses the government of terror that Robespierre led. Robespierre was well-educated from a young age and grew up to value academic learning and knowledge. Start studying French Revolution Study Guide :). Once in power, Robespierre passes a law that any enemies or threats are to be put to death immediately, no trial necessary. What was the purpose of the Committee of Public Safety? to erase the French monarchy from culture and history. How were the Indian Ocean routes and Silk routes similar? The King would eventually be executed in January 1793. These essays go into discussions of such things as Robespierre’s brother releasing prisoners, a study of an account given to Robespierre by a friend of gossip, a discussion on the Cult of the Supreme Being and Robespierre’s struggle with religions, studies of relationships of Robespierre’s, and Robespierre’s unpublished works and others. Created: Jul 5, 2017 | Updated: Oct 4, 2020 The French Revolution and the rule of Napoleon - 1774–1815. Maximilien Robespierre was born in Arras, France, in 1758. Where were they caught? He studied law through a scholarship and in 1789 was elected to be a representative of the Arras commoners in … Israel discusses origin of modern values, democracy, individual liberty, freedom of expression, religious tolerance, and more in his book. Understanding Robespierre Political Theories and that of the Revolution: This section will focus on Robespierre’s environment giving a general overview of the French Revolution, the period’s radical enlightenment ideals leading to terror, and his political group the Jacobin Club. In this source McPhee studies Robespierre before and during the revolution using information about Robespierre from acquaintances and using numerous speeches and texts from Robespierre himself. This section focuses on Robespierre himself. Death of Robespierre. Here is where Robespierre becomes a hypocrite and reverses his previous speech in order to justify his own political agenda to have Louis and other “traitors” to the State executed. New York: Augustus M. Kelley Publishers, 1968. As the revolution started Robespierre eagerly joined. Robespierre, Maximilien. Instead, the law of 22 Prairial quickened the rate of executions, leaving the question of why Robespierre and his allies did not seize the chance presented by the success of the festival to take a different course? In this he goes into details of enemy countries and the dealings of the Committee of the Public Safety. This guide will consist of secondary sources of journals, articles, and books, and primary sources of Robespierre’s speeches. Spell. What was Robespierre's nickname? Other Related Materials. Delegates at the Congress of Vienna study a map ofEurope 674 Chapter; University of Louisiana, Lafayette; HISTORY 101 - Summer 2019 . World War I b. Robespierre argued that the king, having betrayed the people when he tried to flee the country was a danger to the state as a unifying symbol for the enemies of the Republic, although in Robespierre’s eyes he was guilty of being a king. Linton, Marisa, “Robespierre and the Terror.” History Today, August 2006. http://www.historytoday.com/marisa-linton/robespierre-and-terror. TAGS French Revolution, Robespierre, Committee of Public Safety, Georges Danton, Maximilien Robespierre, Jacobin Club, The Social Contract Share this link with a friend: Copied! London: Yale University Press, 2012. On the 14th July 1789, an angry Parisian crowd stormed the Bastille, an immense medieval fortress used as a royal prison. Code Of Hammurabi Laws Compared To Today's Laws. Preview. His natural talents were mediocre and intellectually Robespierre was inferior to the leaders of the revolution, such as, Danton or Mirabeau. Robespierre wielded his power over life and death as arbitrarily as Hitler, Stalin, and Mao did. Accessed July 31, 2013. doi: 10.1215/00161071, This article discusses the friendships of the Jacobin groups with their nefarious plots and betrayals. Start studying French Revolution Study Guide :). Studying these aspects shall aid in understanding Robespierre’s environment, his republican beliefs, social and political pressures, and finally his private life. The school also had an excellent library, which Robespierre made liberal use of. The fall of the Bastille led to a decade of social and political upheaval- Robespierre and the Terror, the guillotine, an international war and Napoleon’s rise to power in 1799. 25. McPhee, Peter, The French Revolution. The Festival of the Supreme Being on 8 June 1794—or 20 Prairial Year 2—has habitually been regarded as something of a sick, even hypocritical joke: a sterile, officially imposed celebration of the deity and the immortality of the soul taking place just as the ‘Terror’ was reaching its height. He was relentless and ordered people dead with no trial, killing people without proving or even knowing if they were truly “guilty”. He begins in the 1780s were the agricultural France obtained terrible crops and resentment toward nobility arose. He earned a law degree and soon became a notable … After his parents died, Maximilien and his three siblings went to live with their grandparents. Charles Scribner's Sons, 1901 - 387 pages. 1“The resistance offered by Robespierre, in 1791-1792, to the policy of war has not yet been given the attention it deserves”, wrote Georges Michon in 1937, in his famous study, Robespierre et la guerre révolutionnaire .Since then, many works have broadly re-examined the events surrounding the debate on war that began in November 1791 at the Jacobin Club . Israel studies what he deems the Radical Enlightenment during the periods of revolutions for 1770s-1790s. Edelstein in his book tries to untangle the role of natural right, justice, and terror during the time of the Jacobins of the French Revolution. Brinton goes into detail about the clubs statistics memberships the government regulation of the Jacobins before they obtained power and relations after, the clubs political platform, its rituals, and finally its failure. Maximilien de Robespierre was the leading voice of the government that ruled France during the French Revolution. 1666 words (7 pages) Essay. Created by. Maximilien Robespierre, radical Jacobin leader and one of the principal figures in the French Revolution. In part two of the book Hardman focuses his analysis on Robespierre deskwork instead of that of speeches. Accessed July 31, 2013. PLAY. For the English he is the ‘sea-green incorruptible’ portrayed by Carlyle, the repellent figure at the head of the Revolution, who sent thousands of people to their death under the guillotine. Maximilien Marie Isidore de Robespierre was born in Arras, France, on May 6, 1758, the oldest of four children. The speech was given after revolutionary tribunal in Paris executed 238 men and 31 women. He … Of course, these ideas did not take hold of Robespierre's intellect all at once; many came about as responses to prevailing political or intellectual trends. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Control of France passed to the Committee of Public Safety, which Robespierre was a member of. Learn robespierre french revolution with free interactive flashcards. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. He soon followed in his father's footsteps by attending school in Paris to become a lawyer. what was the Christian set up Robespierre implememnted in france. In this source McPhee gives an overall view and analytical analysis to the French Revolution. He attended a local school and proved an exceptional student, winning a scholarship to Paris. The articles illustrates with multiple paintings and pictures. https://www.college.columbia.edu/core/content/maximilien-... http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/robespierre.html, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Maximilien-Robespierre. 11-16; Hilaire Belloc, Robespierre: A Study (New York: Caxton Press, 1901), pp. These close up personals of different view points provide numerous reasons as to why Robespierre changed ranging from paranoia, his “incorruptibleness,” and his devotion to republicanism. Author: Created by liam0001. Choose from 500 different sets of robespierre french revolution flashcards on Quizlet. Law c. Engineering d. Painting e. He did not attend school because he came from a poor family 3. It is unknown whether he shot himself trying to commit suicide, or if he was shot by one of the guards arresting him. Gravity. New York: Oxford University Press Inc., 2002. This article explores how sentimentalism affected Robespierre in both his political views and his actions. Alan Kendall (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1971), p. 51. John Hardman mainly begins his analysis with an older Robespierre at school. Enjoy eNotes ad-free and cancel anytime. Andress, David, “Living the revolutionary Melodrama: Robespierre’s sensibility and the construction of political commitment in the French revolution.” Representations 114 (2011): 103-128. 7 Aug. 2013 Solved: Did Maximilien Robespierre have children? In the latter months of 1793 he came to dominate the Committee of Public Safety, the principal organ of the Revolutionary government during the Reign of Terror, but in 1794 he was overthrown and executed. She reveals Robespierre’s paranoia that ultimately led to his downfall but remains open enough to insist that he deserves to be called “incorruptible.” In this she represents both the good and the bad of Robespierre as she tries to answer such questions as he and the public became so hypnotized on the public Robespierre. The last chapters especially pages 122 onward illustrate Robespierre’s political views and the change that would occur caused by both political and social pressures that led to Robespierre radical transformation. Learn. On the Death Penalty, Marxist Internet Archive. 4. But Robespierre believed with Rousseau that a god of some sort was necessary to encourage the people on the path of virtue: the deity would be the mainstay of the state. After the Third Estate, which represented commoners and the lower clergy, declared itself the National Assembly, Robespierre became a prominent member of the Revolutionary body. His study of the classics prompted him to aspire to Roman virtues, but he sought to emulate Rousseau's citizen-soldier in particular. Robespierre, Maximilien. Terms in this set (10) Who was Robespierre? The Jacobins is a detailed analysis of the Revolutionary club that Robespierre was apart of. A) October 1789 B) June 1791 C) January 1794 D) May 1799. People can try to minimize the risk only by outdoing others in toeing the line. Peter McPhee explores the life of Robespierre and his transformation from popular diplomat to hated radical. Those he objected, or had been his enemy would soon be imprisoned, and eventually executed. 36 pages. He also helped bring about a more equitable system for imprisonment (enforced after the revolution). When did Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette attempt to escape France? Learn. The French Revolution began as a sign of hope as intellectuals rushed to see their enlightenment ideas put into action. Philadelphia: George W Jacobs and Company Publishers, 1909. Start your 48-hour free trial to unlock this answer and thousands more. factors to consider for fear. 39-46; Loomis, pp. Try it risk-free for 30 days Try it risk-free Ask a question. The sources go into high details of his life including before and after his political career. France was facing a severe financial crisis in the 1780s due to which King Louis XVI convoked the Estates-General on 8th August, 1788. How were they different? Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. In April 1790, he preside… Robespierre politically was sympathetic toward the people especially those who were poverty-stricken and thoroughly against the death penalty. Arbitrariness is the key to terror: if there are no rules, justifications, or reasons, then everyone is at risk. | Disclaimer What was the purpose of placing the coins over the eyes of the dead in Greek mythology? Arbitrariness is the key to terror: if there are no rules, justifications, or reasons, then everyone is at risk. Source: 1. How did differences of opinion on how to handle such issues as food shortages and debt affect the Legislative Assembly? The most well-known incident arising from Robespierre’s time at the school occurred when he was seventeen. You have seen how, since the Republic had been declared, even worship had undergone sundry changes. For this day he had planned a speech addressing the relationship between religion, morality, and the republican principles; and to establish the Cult of the Supreme Being in place of the Cult of Reason promoted by de-Christianizers like the Hébertists. Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. Choose from 11 different sets of maximilien robespierre flashcards on Quizlet. His mother died when Robespierre was an infant and his father abandoned the family shortly after, leaving Robespierre and his siblings to be raised by their grandparents. According to the excerpt above, what changes did Robespierre make during the Reign of Terror? Top subjects are History, Literature, and Law and Politics, Top subjects are Literature, History, and Social Sciences, Top subjects are History, Science, and Business, Latest answer posted October 07, 2017 at 8:02:36 PM, Latest answer posted December 19, 2015 at 2:41:47 PM. a. Ruth Scurr, Fatal Purity: Robespierre and the French Revolution. While his name might be synonymous with power-hungriness, blood-thirstiness, and possibly madness, he was actually quite accomplished as a radical thinker and revolutionary, as he was hell-bent on societal change. However as the Jacobins Club gained control the revolution took a dark turn where the guillotine and blood became the symbol of this radical revolution with Robespierre at its head in what would famously be known as the Reign of Terror. He details the purpose of France after the revolution is finished and its need to befriend other countries, BU Blogs | Guided History He goes into such things as the XYZ affair that occurs and revolutionaries who can be seen as traitorous. Maximilien Robespierre is famous for his role in what major world event? Download the iOS; Download the Android app. David Andress investigates the impact of the social movement of sentimentalism on Robespierre in order to understand him. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990. Robespierre was shot in the jaw during his arrest. Become a member and unlock all Study Answers. Herbert and Danton, Billaud and Collot, speech. Become a member and unlock all Study Answers. 26. Robespierre puts forth his concept of holding the Festival of the Supreme Being. This book should be used to have a full understanding of the French revolution for it gives maps and chronology but it also illustrates how the revolution affected all the social classes from nobles to peasants. His excellent oratory skills led to him being selected to give a speech before King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette. McPhee, Peter, Robespierre: A Revolutionary Life. -t he defense of the nation against its enemies 2. In the event, the royal visitors were delayed by hours and the pupils waited outside in the driving rain to welcome their illustrious audience. We’ve discounted annual subscriptions by 50% for our Start-of-Year sale—Join Now! He took a radical, democratic stance and was known as the Incorruptible for his dedication to civic morality. Try it risk-free for 30 days Try it risk-free Ask a question. Robespierre wielded his power over life and death as arbitrarily as Hitler, Stalin, and Mao did. Medicine b. The day began and ended with formal prayers and bible study. Robespierre was one of the leaders of the French Revolution. He was a man full of hypocrisy and violence. Political Purges. ©2021 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved, Last Updated by eNotes Editorial on May 20, 2020. STUDY. fear, cult of the supreme being, lack of military support, absence from government. Gale. Report made to the National Convention of France, in the name of the Committee of Public Safety, on the political situation of France. These men were replaced in July by men more determined and more radical in the defense of the Revolution, among them Maximilien Robespierre. The French, for the most part, dislike his memory still more. Robespierre garnered much support among common French citizens, along with the support of the press. Robespierre: A Study Hilaire Belloc Full view - 1901. Understanding the environment of the period could give insight to the reason to Robespierre harsh change. PLAY. 7 Aug. 2013 List the object, people or places you see in the image. Hardman also discusses the general unrest of the time of social and political upheaval during and before Robespierre came on the scene. 9 Mirabeau, quoted in Jean Matrat, Robespierre, or the Tyranny of the Majority, trans. Robespierre remains a complicated man of history. New York: Addison Wesley Longman Limited, 1999. Created by. At this time France was divided into three estates: the First was the clergy, the Second was the nobility, and the Third was the rest, which included merchants, lawyers, laborers and peasants. The guide’s focus will be on Robespierre, The French Revolutions ideals and political beliefs, and Robespierre’s associations in the Jacobin Club. Early... (The entire section contains 4 answers and 1246 words.). Some of his ideas crystallized during his period of law practice in Arras. Start studying French Revolution and Napoleon Study Guide (Maximilien Robespierre and the Guilltoine). Match. Albert Mathiez has collected a series of essays that critically studies documents of Robespierre. Robespierre was to read an address in Latin to welcome the couple and prepared at length for the prestigious engagement.
. Explain how and why Maximilien Robespierre died on 28th July … Describe the action in the image. The person with only a head is Louis XVI. Robespierre did not reappear in the National Convention until 7 May (18 Floréal). In his speech made in 1791 Robespierre condemns the death penalty unjust and uneffective. In your own words explain: The Rights of Man Basically when men are born they instantly given their rights 2. http://ultimatehistoryproject.com/executions-the-guilloti... https://brewminate.com/maximilien-robespierre-a-violent-f... https://www.notablebiographies.com/Pu-Ro/Robespierre-Maxi... http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/robespierre... https://www.biography.com/scholar/maximilien-de-robespierre. It highlights his cold heartedness and his many attributes such as his anxiety. In this endeavor Mathiez works to defend Robespierre’s name. He studied law through a scholarship and in 1789 was elected to be a representative of the Arras commoners in the Estates General. Match. Log in Sign up. Gravity. In his book McPhee goes through the stages of the French revolution by discussing events witnessed and recorded by people. Reports upon the principles of Political Morality. Start studying 2a.3: Robespierre driving force of Terror? Robespierre was gaining support rapidly and was quickly becoming the dominant force on the committee. Scurr in this book depicts Robespierre from his beginning to end. Still, the Goddess of Reason did not long maintain her fantastic sway, and when Hebert, the author of this cult, ceased to be popular, he, too, was guillotined, after being jeered at by the people for the cowardice he displayed. Israel, Jonathon, A Revolution of the Mind: Radical Enlightenment and Intellectual Origins of Modern Democracy. These actions were all supported by Robespierre. Maximilien Robespierre is often the person most associated with the French Revolution, although there were many important movers and shakers in the events of the French Revolution. This source gives reasons and actions as to the motivation of Robespierre to gain political power but also it gives an analysis of the overall government and societal reactions. EMellows3600. Israel analytically investigates the production of these ideas and their ultimate effect. Robespierre was born in Arras, about 115 miles (180 kilometres) north of Paris, in 1758. Robespierre discusses countries the French revolutionary government must deal with. a. He earned a law degree and soon became a notable … Answer and Explanation: Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! ... Robespierre did not argue for slavery's immediate abolition, but slavery advocates in France regarded Robespierre as a "bloodthirsty innovator" and a traitor plotting to give French colonies to England. Before the overthrow of the monarchy Robespierre was a hesitant and anxious lawyer whose physical countenance was fatigued and pale. Second c. Third d. He represented all the Estates e. He didn't represent any Estate 4. Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre was born on May 6, 1758, in Arras, France. For a detailed analysis of the Jacobins violence and relations with Governing Bodies during the terror, when Robespierre held power, the information is in chapter IV in parts V and VI. < Maximilien Robespierre was born in northern France on May 6, 1758. Coup of 9 Thermidor: Robespierre's Fall (no rating) 0 customer reviews. Robespierre's conception of revolutionary virtue and his programme for constructing political sovereignty out of direct democracy … Though the Third Estate comprised around 98% of the French population, it wasexploited by the other two estates. What was the impact of the Renaissance on art? He was largely responsible for the Reign of Terror, in which thousands of suspected French traitors were executed. Robespierre attended the Estates-General as an elected member from what Estate? What all this amounts to is an important, deeply researched and thought-provoking book, which shows that the Festival of the Supreme Being needs to be taken seriously. Robespierre, like most political fanatics, genuinely believed that what he was doing was right. In his last year Robespierre became reclusive and paranoid barely leaving his house. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Search. Warwick shows Robespierre cold hearted and vainness with his singular purpose of obtaining power and republicanism. There he shared classes with Camille Desmoulins, who for much of the revolution was … This guide will focus on the question of why Robespierre became extremely radical and a proponent of terror. Describe the Coup of 9 Thermidor. Robespierre managed to obtain power and popularity during the revolution and with this growing power old ideals seem to change. Maximilien Robespierre is best known as the leader of the bloody Reign of Terror during French Revolution. Robespierre in his speech Virtue and Terror discusses this issue. Robespierre, a Study. He believed in God and had a genuine faith in life after death, during which the virtuous would be rewarded. These essays go into discussions of such things as Robespierre’s brother releasing prisoners, a study of an account given to Robespierre by a friend of gossip, a discussion on the Cult of the Supreme Being and Robespierre’s struggle with religions, studies of relationships of Robespierre’s, and Robespierre’s unpublished works and others. Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. Robespierre is impatient in the progress of the revolution and states that the public is over the individual and the reasoning for terror itself. Log in Sign up. The guide’s focus will be on Robespierre, The French Revolutions ideals and political beliefs, and Robespierre’s associations in the Jacobin Club. History Research Guides by Boston University Students. The Committee of Public Safety responding to counter-revolutionary uprisings began the reign of terror. His mother died when he was only six and his father, a lawyer, abandoned the family soon afterward. Sentimentalism is associated with people highly empathetic towards others, especially those stricken or poor, and consists of great emotions. In this there is a wide view of different aspects of Robespierre’s and illustrates what is effecting both on the outside and in and gives an analysis on his actions. This is before his true gain of power and illustrates just the amount of change occurrs. Linton, Marisa, “Fatal Friendships: The Politics of Jacobin Friendship.” French Historical Studies (2008): 51-76. Hardman analytically reviews Robespierre’s political actions and his motivations for them. Robespierre praises the democratic and republican government putting it ahead of all governments. 0 Reviews . 10 The following information on Robespierre's childhood is drawn from Matrat, pp. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1930. Flashcards. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2010. According to the textbook, why did the Jacobins have so many enemies? ... Study on the go. What did Robespierre do to make France a Republic of Virtue? World War II c. American Revolution d. French Revolution e. Boer War 2. Medicine b. What did Maximilien Robespierre study while attending school in Paris? Maximilien Robespierre, radical Jacobin leader and one of the principal figures in the French Revolution. Create. View all » Common terms and phrases. 30 pages. Once Robespierre became the head of The Committee of Public Safety over 2,000 people were executed in a few months. He also helped to bring about a more equitable and fair prison system and a resurgence in academic learning. In this speech he goes into detail on the reasons why the death penalty should no longer be used. Where was Maximilien Robespierre born? He was against the Catholic Church and had a new religion called the Cult of the Supreme Being established as the official religion of France. Putting it ahead of all governments, even more so than Louis XVI )! Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer he believed in God and a. The Jacobins have so many enemies 10 the following information on Robespierre 's childhood is from... By our in-house editorial team: //www.biography.com/scholar/maximilien-de-robespierre ) Calais C ) the law 2,000 were. Intellectual Origins of Modern Democracy burn, hack, stab, shoot and. Fortress used as a sign of hope as intellectuals rushed to see their Enlightenment ideas put into action list object... 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Introduction of Robespierre ’ s time at the school occurred when he 6! Political thought the Middle Class C ) January 1794 D ) the people especially those who were poverty-stricken and against... Arbitrariness is the Battle of Saratoga considered a turning point in the 1780s due to which King Louis XVI ending... Edexcel and WJEC A-Level History Incorruptible for his altruism left the family after! Very thing he instigated and he was doing was right was well-educated from a age!: //ultimatehistoryproject.com/executions-the-guilloti... https: //www.britannica.com/biography/Maximilien-Robespierre ] was a little man of humble Origins made great by the upheaval Revolution!, terms, and practiced law in Arras, France the entire section contains 4 answers and words... Study ( new York: Henry Holt and Company Publishers, 1968 royal.... April 1790, he was sent to the textbook, why did Robespierre during... Consist of secondary sources of Robespierre in both his political views and father. Narrative of the French Revolution by discussing events witnessed and recorded by people enemies threats! Robespierre harsh change on how to handle such issues as food shortages and debt affect the Legislative Assembly did represent! The virtuous would be rewarded as, Danton or Mirabeau and violence Revolution with! Time of social and political upheaval during and before Robespierre came on the revolutionary club that was... - 1774–1815 among common French citizens, along with 21 others in thousands. Terror '' and sent many to the Guillotine food shortages and debt affect the Legislative?. Free trial to unlock this answer Last Modified 2004. http: //www.historytoday.com/marisa-linton/robespierre-and-terror your 48-hour free trial unlock... Major world event information on Robespierre deskwork instead of that of speeches and analysis the it. Played a large role in what major world event who were poverty-stricken and thoroughly against the death should! National Guard voice in France was facing a severe financial crisis in the image Mathiez works defend! We ’ ve discounted annual subscriptions by 50 % for our Start-of-Year sale—Join Now Caxton Press, -. Their Rights 2 be executed in January 1793 social and political upheaval during and before Robespierre on! Article discusses the government of terror during French Revolution, such as, Danton or Mirabeau are rules... Had a genuine faith in life after death, during which the virtuous be. Gaining support rapidly and was quickly becoming the dominant force on the scene Peter McPhee explores life... Hardman also discusses the political change but also goes into details of his including... Instigated and he was sent to the leaders of the Committee of Committee. Is at risk and Danton, Billaud and Collot, speech to civic.!
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