However, as the season of harvest gets over, the roots of the crops die off, returning the desert to its actual state of naked emptiness. :z]1I, # mbQg[r)0d&ij?0)9eD VV%g`ehv-OvOq3Q[qK"Dj+~ Growing up in the rayless basement of the Trapper Motel, Johan Garcia Casteln would keep busy by chucking mittens at a wall and diving to catch them, like a soccer The geography of India is constituted by these relief features. By the time air masses from coastal areas reach the interior, they have lost all their moisture. At the foot of these formations, water drops its burden of gravel, sand, and other sediment, forming deposits called alluvial fans.Many deserts have no drainage to a river, lake, or ocean. Mexican access to the Colorado, which has its delta in the Mexican state of Baja California, was ignored. Please select which sections you would like to print: Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. This has happened among the states in the Colorado River Basin, which have negotiated for many years over the division of the rivers water. Water for irrigation is transported from hundreds of kilometers away, or drilled from hundreds of meters underground.Oases in desert climates have been popular spots for tourists for centuries. It is located in the southeastern part of Pakistan in the Sindh Province. Approximately 42% (or 7,00,000 sq km) of the Indian peninsula is occupied by the . Lake Chad is a source of freshwater for four countries on the edge of the Sahara Desert: Chad, Cameroon, Niger, and Nigeria. Apart from the sample questions given above, candidates can check Previous Year Question Papers with solution PDF to understand the type of questions asked in the general awareness section of these examinations. That distinction belongs to Death Valley, in California's Mojave Desert. In January 1991 a severe earthquake destroyed entire villages in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, but far fewer people were killed in the quake than died in 1935. Some weather stations in the Atacama have never recorded a drop of rain.Rain Shadow DesertsRain shadow deserts exist near the leeward slopes of some mountain ranges. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Some areas of the Atacama are often covered by fog. It is the largest desert of Pakistan and the only subtropical desert of Asia. Tien Shan also has more than 10,100 square kilometers (3,900 square miles) of glaciers. They are used to grow different kinds of crops. Agreements that were made in the early 20th century failed to account for Native American water rights. Some desert vultures urinate on their own legs, cooling them by evaporation.Many desert animals have developed ingenious ways of getting the water they need. The amount of evaporation in a desert often greatly exceeds the annual rainfall. It is located partly in Rajasthan state, northwestern India, and partly in Punjab and Sindh (Sind) provinces, eastern Pakistan. Thal Desert The areas of Mianwali, Sargodha, Muzaffar Garh and Dera Ghazi Khan districts in the province of Punjab are called Thal desert. Rajasthan, India: Thar Desert vegetation The desert boasts some incredibly distinct natural features. Soils in the vicinity of river courses are the most recent and vary in texture from sand to silt loam and silty clay loams. Reptiles such as desert iguanas, snakes or chameleons are often found in this type of landscape, but we can also find coyotes, kangaroos, camels, vultures, tarantulas, rats, coyotes and scorpions. As a result, wind and water erode the nutrient-rich topsoil. qg`2S$TU5&F [&X{H`,c;2sikL4riq-B0(,CZ2~9hButJ" Ft">ef.S (FIb_DN^RQ&|H%OAchYFXlD^U0wV^Eh*G~`mExJL'ozq-e*M3jG0. We gave money to the Namibian Covid-19 response . Punjab means the "land of five waters": the Indus, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, and Sutlej rivers. National Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization. For miles, where the only sources of water are the rains and the haze of the early morning, you will not find more plant life. Topography and Drainage. The Himalayas 2. Religious sites (churches, temples, etc.). The Himalayas stretch continuously for about 2500km from east to west. Most of the Sindh Sagar Doab, the most western of the doabs of Punjab, was an unproductive wasteland (known as the Thal Desert) before the construction of the Jinnah Barrage on the Indus River near Kalabagh in 1946. /Length 5130 Relief features of the Tharparkar desert Get the answers you need, now! In the summer, hot winds called loos blow across the plains during the day. Both Islam and Hinduism are practiced, and the population is divided into complex economic and social groups. They are important in forming the monsoon type of climate in India. [2] The Warsak Dam on the Kabul River near Peshawar is smaller. It adjoins the Thar Desert, extending over toSindhand into India. The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. Throughout the Middle East, communities have dug artificial wadis, where freshwater can flow during rainy seasons. The surface consists of aeolian (wind-deposited) sand that has accumulated over the past 1.8 million years. Pakistans soils are classified as pedocals, which comprise a dry soil group with high concentrations of calcium carbonate and a low content of organic matter; they are characteristic of a land with low and erratic precipitation. Daytime temperatures in the Chihuahua can climb beyond 37C (100F), while nighttime temperatures can dip below freezing (0C or 32F). The city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, sits in the Arabian Desert. The Thar Desert receives very low amount of rainfall (100 to 150 mm per year) 'Luni' is the only river in the Thar Desert. The Gobi is also in the rain shadow of the Himalaya mountains to the south.Polar DesertsParts of the Arctic and the Antarctic are classified as deserts. However, water is scarce. The plains of the desert are extensions of flat earth that generally appear corrugated by causes of the dunes that are formed on her. Away from the river, toward the middle of the doabs, older alluvial soils (called bangar) are widely distributed. It is believed that the Salt Range was founded by the horses of Alexander the Great's army.The average altitude of Potohar platue is 300m-600m. Hydrogen molecules in the fat combine with inhaled oxygen to form water. The temperature stays high even at night, making the city an island of heat in the middle of the desert. But the region can go decades without rainfall. The Brandberg, loftiest summit in Namibia, looms as a granite island from Namib Desert flats, for example. Evenings are cool; the diurnal variation in temperature may be as much as 20 to 30 F (11 to 17 C). List of 5 Famous Deserts of Pakistan: Thar Desert - Biggest Desert of Pakistan Cholistan - Rohi Desert Thal Desert Kharan Desert - Sandy Desert Katpana Desert - Cold Desert So let's have a look: 1. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. Abstract. Pothohar Plateau is bounded on the east by the Jhelum River, on the west by the Indus River, on the north by the Kala Chitta Range and the Margalla Hills, and on the south by the Salt Range. Climatologists identify this period as the Green Sahara.Archaeological evidence of past settlements is abundant in the middle of what are arid, unproductive areas of the Sahara today. In some waterlogged areas, however, these soils are salinized. People who migrate to the warm, dry desert for the winter and return to more temperate climates in the spring are sometimes called snowbirds.In rural areas, hot days turn into cool nights, providing welcome relief from the scorching sun. Full of interesting facts that may not be known to your children. Most experts agree that a desert is an area of land that receives no more than 25 centimeters (10 inches) of precipitation a year. Mohenjo-daro is now a part of the vast Thar and Cholistan deserts.Most of Earths deserts will continue to undergo periods of climate change.Desert CharacteristicsHumiditywater vapor in the airis near zero in most deserts. In the Khurais area, a shale sedimentary unit in the lower third of the Dammam Formation is loaded with the fossilized remains of marine creatures. It is bordered by the irrigated Indus River plain to the west, the Punjab Plain to the north and northeast, the Aravalli Range to the southeast, and the Rann of Kachchh to the south. The ethnic composition of the Thar is diverse. Encyclopedia Britannica. However, some birds, such as the roadrunner, have adapted to life in the desert. As the air rises, it cools and drops its moisture as heavy tropical rains. Usually they are not very tall but they can be really long. In some deserts, temperatures rise so high that people are at risk of dehydration and even death. They have a low organic content and are collectively known as the khaddar soils. Educationist: Zeeshan Hussain (www.OAlevels.com) The relief feature of these mountains includes the high altitude i-e 5000m, mostly Snowy peak with number of glaciers Siachen, Baltro etc. Here rainfall is very low and large number of sand dunes are found. Along the coastal strip, the climate is modified by sea breezes. In M. Julivert. They anchor the drifting sand with a gridlike network of straw fences. (16 of 7 of 2017). Relief and natural regions. The Indus River basin is a large, fertile alluvial plain formed by silt from the Indus. There are chains of high mountains which are covered with snow throughout the year and also fertile lands and green valleys. TheCold Desertis a high-altitude desert located nearSkardu, inPakistans northernGilgit-Baltistanregion. Answer: I. Himalayas: To the north of India, Himalayan mountains extend from west to east at a length around 2400 Kms. Similar lush conditions existed as recently as 25,000 years ago. This desert was the site of Pakistans second nuclear test,Chagai-II, which was carried out on 30 May 1998. Nomadic cultures are those that do not have permanent settlements. During January, the coldest month, the mean minimum temperature ranges between 41 and 50 F (5 and 10 C), and frost is frequent. The Thar Desert is a vast dry area covering over 200,000 square kilometers. February 2023. The hard, flat surface of desert salt flats are often ideal for car racing. The population density is very low due to the mountainous terrain and scarcity of water. In 1997, British pilot Andy Green set the land speed record in Black Rock Desert1,228 kilometers per hour (763 miles per hour). A thobe is a full-length, long-sleeved white robe. Deserts are areas that receive very little precipitation. 9 K$ They look like tiny tornadoes, but they start on the ground rather than in the sky. Tien Shan also has more than 10,100 square kilometers (3,900 square miles) of glaciers. TripDePakistan 2019 All Rights Reserved, Visa and Passport policy of Pakistan 2022, Should I visit Pakistan? In February every year, a Desert Festival is conducted in the city of Jaisalmer. . Light rains often evaporate in the dry air, never reaching the ground. Trees shed their leaves to avoid excessive moisture loss. There are also vast deserts in Pakistan. Source: The Hindu Context: An intensive study of Earth's deep interior, based on the behaviour of seismic waves from large earthquakes, confirmed the existence of a distinct structure inside our planet's inner core - a hot innermost solid ball of iron and nickel about 800 miles (1,350 km) wide. Between 1958 and 1971, the government of Egypt constructed a massive dam on the Upper Nile (the southern part of the river, near Egypts border with Sudan). Nomads move frequently so their flocks of sheep and goats will have water and grazing land.Besides animals like camels and goats, a variety of desert vegetation is found in oases and along the shores of rivers and lakes. Almost the entire continent of Antarctica is a polar desert, experiencing little precipitation. These mountain ranges extend from west to east, from the Indus to the Brahmaputra. 2) Rajmahal Hills are formed from rocks dating from the Jurassic Period. What is the influence of the Himalayas on Indian Agriculture? Communities, governments, and organizations are working to preserve desert habitats and increase desert productivity. Apart from the rural settlements, the majority of nomads earn their livelihood from livestock as they breed animals to be sold, milked and shorn for their wool. These dams, along with a series of headworks and barrages built by the British and expanded since the independence of Pakistan in 1947, are of vital importance to the national economy and played an important role in calming the raging floodwaters of 1992, which devastated large areas in the northern highlands and the Punjab plains. A cloudburst may bring as much as 25 centimeters (10 inches) of rain in a single hourthe only rain the desert gets all year.Desert humidity is usually so low that not enough water vapor exists to form clouds. However, fennec foxes have adapted so they do not have to drink water at all: Their kidneys retain enough water from the food they eat.Most xerocoles are nocturnal. The northern and western mountains are the Korakoram, the. It has also spread into India. The humps store fat. The subtropical desert climate there results from persistent high pressure and subsidence at that latitude. And in Pakistan, the Saudi charity distributed 1650 food parcels in several areas of Sindh province, Pakistan, benefiting 11,550 people. This is an extensive area of 347,190 km 2 with a number of distinct natural topographical and drainage features that can be identified as follows: Basins of Northern Balochistan Basins of Western Balochistan Mountain ranges Coastal areas Salt Range in District Minawali Punjab Pakistan Salt Range [ edit] The Indus Valley Desert is located in the northern area of Pakistan. The name Indus comes from the Sanskrit word "sindhu", meaning "ocean", from which also come the words Sindh, Hindu, and India. A thunderstorm can send a fast-moving torrent of watera flash flooddown a dry arroyo. , communities have dug artificial wadis, where freshwater can flow during rainy.! Content and are collectively known as the khaddar soils and can be long... Consists of aeolian ( wind-deposited ) sand that has accumulated over the past 1.8 million.! 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